One of the well -known quotes: "In fact, parasites killed much more people than all wars in history."Surprisingly as a simple, sometimes encellular being it is possible to disturb a great organism.People did not remain in debt.Methods have been developed that allow you to identify a parasitic invasion in the early stages and start treatment in a timely way.Analyzes for parasites in adults can be transferred both at a regular state hospital and in the laboratory for private clinics.
Who are parasites and how to identify them
Parasites are a numerous group of organisms that are only able to exist because of the owner's resources.They cannot live on their own.Parasites in the human body are attached to the skin (bugs, ticks) in the gastrointestinal tract (ascarides, pinworms).In the gut is the most favorable environment for the vital activity of the parasite.There are also beings living in the lymphatic vessels (Filiria), on the mucous membranes of the internal organs (trematoda).To gain a foothold in the host's body and protozoa use suction cups, hooks, clothes, chitine plates or hard hair.
It is possible to determine the presence of parasites in the human body and their colony using the methods of modern laboratory diagnostics.What tests should be performed for parasites for the adult:
- Histological examination of faeces.
- Serological examinations (blood tests): immunosorbent analysis (ELISU), indirect hemagglutination reaction (RNG), immunofluorescence reaction (reef or only -method), complint binding reaction.
- PCR analysis.
Often, the diagnosis is difficult because not all parasitosis have characteristic clinical manifestations and not all methods are as sensitive.What is the name of the analysis to be taken, the participating doctor will say.It is often recommended to take a comprehensive analysis for parasites.
What is the danger of parasites
Parasitic invasions depleted very human immunity.Immunity is one of the components of the regulatory system in the body.With immunodeficiency:
Be careful
According to statistics, more than 1 billion people are infected with parasites.You may not even suspect you have become a victim of parasites.
It is easy to determine the presence of parasites in the body by a symptom - an unpleasant odor from the mouth.Ask dear if you have a smell of your mouth in the morning (before brushing your teeth).In that case, you are with a probability of 99% infected with parasites.
Infection with parasites leads to neurosis, rapid fatigue, sharp changes in moods, more serious diseases begin further.
In menParasites cause: prostatitis, impotence, adenoma, cystitis, sand, kidney stones and bladder.
In women: Ovarian pain and inflammation.Fibroma, myoma, fibrous acid-mastopathy, adrenal inflammation, bladder and kidneys develop.As well as heart and cancer.
We will immediately warn that you do not have to drive to the pharmacy and buy expensive medicine, which according to the pharmacists will etched all parasites.Most substances are extremely ineffective, in addition they cause great damage to the body:
- The risk of viral infection increases;
- The level of antioxidant and anti -cancer protection is reduced;
- There is a violation of vascular permeability and malfunction in hematopoiesis.
Parasites can cause serious allergic reactions.
Helminants also have a direct detrimental effect.They are attached to the internal organs with sharp hooks or plates that mechanically damage the mucous membranes.The normal work of the affected body is violated.
Helminth activities damage the body to the molecular level.The speed of insulin synthesis, growth factor and collagen is reduced.This leads to a slowdown in growth and physical development processes.The absorption in the small intestine also decreases.Parasitic infections are characterized by small chronic blood loss from affected organs.
Recent scientific studies have shown, worms in the intestines separate specific toxins that suppress the activities of cytokines.These are information molecules that regulate intercellular contacts.They provide cell information about the external environment.If there is free space, the cell can begin division.Blocking the work of cytokines can lead to the formation of a tumor.Cytokines also provide an agreed reaction of the immune, nervous and hormonal systems to the effect of foreign agents.
Causes of Delivery of Analysis to Parasites
When infected with individual parasites, a person may not feel symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest.It is necessary to take tests for parasites if there are symptoms, such as abdominal pain in different location, which may occur spontaneously or on palpation.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.Itching and combustion in the anal region causes pinworms.Askarides provokes severe allergic reactions as well as cramping abdominal pain.Lambia, Echinococci and Bicondumure affect the liver.They are often the cause of the obstacle to the bile duct and the cholestasis (stagnation of the bile), inflammation of the gallbladder.Light stool with drops of fat is one of the main signs of the pathology of the liver and pancreas.The symptom of parasitic effect on the liver and gallbladder is pain in the right hypochondrium.
If several of the stated symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body in time.It is necessary to take regular preventative tests for parasites for children, people living or working with animals.If raw, jerky, lightly salted meat, crazy or fish are regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to check regularly to identify parasites.
Detailed CopoRogram
A histological cop program is a microscopic examination of faeces to detect eggs, larvae or traces of the important activity of adults of parasites.Detailed analysis of faeces is a universal method of detecting intestinal Helminths (pinworms, ascaris, ankylost, plum -head).
How to take a fecal analysis.You need to buy a special sterile container at a pharmacy.It is filled with fecal masses of one -third of volume.Before stool, it is necessary to urinate so that the urine does not fall in the sample.The lid of the filled container is tightly twisted.
Biomatic material can be stored in the refrigerator for a maximum of 8 hours, after this time it is no longer suitable for research.A week before the analysis, stop taking any drugs, excluding fried and fatty dishes.On the threshold of the material of the material you cannot put rectally lights, drink a laxative or make clusters.
The main disadvantage of the cop program is low efficiency (about 35%).Helminants do not lay eggs every day.Therefore, the analysis of faeces for parasites must be taken three times at a 3-5 day interval.Disturbed results can usually be achieved 4-6 days after birth.
Scratching for parasites
A scraping or smearing from the anus area is only taken to diagnosis of enterobiosis (pinworms).The smear is taken in two ways:
- using a special spatula or cotton wool;
- Using a sticky ribbon.
A spatula can be purchased at a pharmacy.The smear is removed around the anus and steps.The procedure can be performed at home or in a clinic.The fence of the material is performed in the morning before it cannot wash or shower.If the scraping was made at home, the spatula must be placed in a sealed container or bag and the same day is delivered to the laboratory.The result of the analysis can be achieved tomorrow.To make an accurate diagnosis, analysis for parasites must be submitted several times in a row.
Blood tests
You can donate blood on parasites.This is a universal object of laboratory research.By changing its composition one can judge the pathologies in the body.How to identify parasites, does blood examine, which tests are donated?An immunosorbent analysis is performed for antibodies and antigens, a reaction of indirect hemagglutination and immunofluorescence.In a general blood test, the level of eosinophils in the presence of parasitic infection in the body increases.
Elisa
Immunoformal analysis (ELISA) allows you to determine the presence and concentration of immunoglobulin (antibodies) in the blood produced in response to the invasion of foreign agents (antigens).IFA analysis is a very sensitive method that allows you to identify antigens, even in small quantities.With its help, you can exactly determine the type of parasites, the number of colony as well as the development stage of the process.
Elisa for parasites in the human body is deciphered according to five classes of antibodies.To diagnose Helminthian invasion, there are enough immunoglobulins in only three classes:
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM).They are produced 4 days after infection, present in the blood for 6 weeks.The presence of IgM indicates intensive reproduction of foreign agents.
- Immunoglobulins G (IgG).They enter the bloodstream of 20-28 days after infection may be present in plasma for months or years.The presence of IgG indicates infection.
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA).They are produced two weeks after the penetration of pathogenic organisms, disappearing after 5-8 weeks.The presence of IgA indicates an infection or the body cleans itself.
A blood test for Elisa is passed in the morning on an empty stomach.
RNA
The reaction of indirect hemagglutination is the most specific and sensitive of all serological methods.The reaction of red blood cells to the action of a number of antigens is examined.Evaluate the nature and intensity of the rainfall of red blood cells.With a high and sharply intense reaction, the bottom of the tube is covered with glued red blood cells.The results of the analysis are deciphered by the participating physician.
Rnif
An indirect reaction of immunofluorescence allows you to identify a complex of antigen antistulation.For this, a blood sample is treated with a special serum against immunoglobulins containing fluorochrome in the composition.Then the sample is examined during a fluorescent microscope.
The results are evaluated at the intensity of the yellow -green glow.High titers indicate the presence of Helminthian invasion.The participating physician is involved in the decoding of the analysis results.
RSK
An antibody with the corresponding antigen is formed by an immune complex that can contact a complement system.This is based on the RSK method (a reaction of complement binding).If the antigen antibody complex does not form, the complement remains free.
RSK is used to diagnose the acute phase of parasitic diseases.
Diagnosis at PCR
Polymerase chain reaction is a modern and high -precision research method.With its help, you can diagnose the presence of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and intracellular parasites in the body.For analysis, blood and other biological fluids are suitable.
The result of the polymerase chain reaction is the decrypted DNA for the parasite.You can exactly determine the type of pathogenic organism.The disadvantage of PCR is that it is impossible to find out the number of parasites and the stage of development.
Conclusion
Analyzes for identification of parasites must be performed for any person.Regular studies will help avoid huge health problems providing these small beings.Which method of analysis is better to choose, the doctor will tell.